[Metastatic Basal cell carcinoma in the axilla: reconstruction with a lateral pectoral island flap]. / Carcinoma basocelular metastásico en la axila: reconstrucción mediante un colgajo en isla pectoral lateral.

Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common forms of cancer worldwide, it rarely occurs in the axilla. Only 31 cases have been reported in the literature. The incidence of metastatic BCC, particularly in areas not exposed to the sun, is very low. We present a new case of axillary BCC with lymph node metastases and the results of an extensive review of cases previously reported in the literature. BCC in the axilla is rare and metastasis is exceptional. Factors other than UV radiation probably contribute to its development. The lateral pectoral island flap was used for surgical closure. This method is useful for the reconstruction of axillary defects, obtaining excellent cosmetic and functional results. This flap should therefore be considered for the repair of large surgical defects in the axilla.

Carcinoma basocelular metastásico en la axila: reconstrucción mediante un colgajo en isla pectoral lateral / Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Axilla: Reconstruction with a Lateral Pectoral Island Flap

A pesar de que el carcinoma basocelular (CBC) es una de las formas más comunes de cáncer, esta neoplasia cutánea raramente ocurre en la axila, con sólo 31 casos recogidos en la literatura. La incidencia del CBC metastásico es excepcional, siendo aún más infrecuente en áreas no fotoexpuestas. Se presenta un nuevo caso de CBC axilar con metástasis nodal y se realiza una revisión extensa de la literatura de aquellos casos publicados previamente. El CBC localizado en la axila es un raro evento, pero el desarrollo de metástasis es excepcional. Otros factores diferentes a la radiación ultravioleta probablemente contribuyan a su desarrollo. El colgajo en la isla pectoral lateral fue la técnica aplicada en el cierre quirúrgico. Este resulta útil en la reconstrucción de defectos quirúrgicos axilares y obtiene excelentes resultados tanto estéticos como funcionales. Por estas razones, la realización de este colgajo debería considerarse ante importantes defectos quirúrgicos en la región axilar (AU)

Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common forms of cancer worldwide, it rarely occurs in the axilla. Only 31 cases have been reported in the literature. The incidence of metastatic BCC, particularly in areas not exposed to the sun, is very low. We present a new case of axillary BCC with lymph node metastases and the results of an extensive review of cases previously reported in the literature.BCC in the axilla is rare and metastasis is exceptional. Factors other than UV radiation probably contribute to its development. The lateral pectoral island flap was used for surgical closure. This method is useful for the reconstruction of axillary defects, obtaining excellent cosmetic and functional results. This flap should therefore be considered for the repair of large surgical defects in the axilla (AU)

[Dermal fillers: types, indications, and complications]. / Materiales de relleno: tipos, indicaciones y complicaciones.

There are many types of dermal fillers currently used for cosmetic and medical indications in routine clinical practice. Fillers can be classified as temporary, semipermanent, or permanent depending on the length of time the substance remains in tissue. They can also be classified by the composition of the product. Materials can be based on collagen (bovine, porcine, and human), hyaluronic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, polymethal methacrylates, and polyacrylamide gels, among others. Temporary fillers are the products most often used for cosmetic purposes, in particular hyaluronic acid. This is due to the ease of application of fillers based on this substance, the good results obtained, and their safety profile. This review presents an overview of the techniques used for the correct placement of dermal fillers and the most common clinical indications for these procedures. It also covers the nature, properties, and mechanisms of action of the principal temporary, semipermanent, and permanent dermal fillers as well as the indications for each type of material. Finally, we describe the most common complications encountered and their treatment.

Materiales de relleno: tipos, indicaciones y complicaciones / Dermal Fillers: Types, Indications, and Complications

Existen numerosos materiales de relleno utilizados en la práctica clínica diaria con fines cosméticos y médicos. Se pueden clasificar, en función de su duración en el tejido, en temporales, semipermanentes y permanentes. También pueden clasificarse de acuerdo con la composición del relleno: colágeno (bovino, porcino y humano), ácido hialurónico, ácido poliláctico, hidroxiapatita de calcio, polimetilmetacrilatos y geles de poliacrilamida, entre otros. Los rellenos temporales son los más empleados con fines estéticos, especialmente el ácido hialurónico. Este hecho se debe al perfil de seguridad que tienen, a la facilidad en su aplicación y a los buenos resultados encontrados. En esta revisión se exponen las diferentes técnicas descritas para su colocación correcta y las indicaciones clínicas más frecuentes. También se describe la naturaleza, las propiedades, los mecanismos de acción y las indicaciones de los principales materiales de relleno, tanto temporales como semipermanentes o permanentes. Finalmente se describen las complicaciones más comunes y su tratamiento (AU)

There are many types of dermal fillers currently used for cosmetic and medical indications in routine clinical practice. Fillers can be classified as temporary, semipermanent, or permanent depending on the length of time the substance remains in tissue. They can also be classified by the composition of the product. Materials can be based on collagen (bovine, porcine, and human), hyaluronic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, polymethal methacrylates, and polyacrylamide gels, among others. Temporary fillers are the products most often used for cosmetic purposes, in particular hyaluronic acid. This is due to the ease of application of fillers based on this substance, the good results obtained, and their safety profile. This review presents an overview of the techniques used for the correct placement of dermal fillers and the most common clinical indications for these procedures. It also covers the nature, properties, and mechanisms of action of the principal temporary, semipermanent, and permanent dermal fillers as well as the indications for each type of material. Finally, we describe the most common complications encountered and their treatment (AU)

Malignant atrophic papulosis in an infant.

We report a 7-month-old girl with malignant atrophic papulosis (Degos' disease). She also showed spontaneous aggregation of platelets. A good clinical response was obtained by treatment with aspirin and dipyridamole.